Real Estate in Panama
.
* Real Estate
Real Estate in Panama City mostly with the ocean beauty views, the houses in the communities where the coffee is still fresh, it is around the Caribbean and the Pacific islands and beaches, and the houses in the Golf area are the most Popular Panama real estate purchases of foreigners in search for a holiday or in retirement. All in the same places, and there are also still have opportunities in real estate investment. Panama Pacífico Business Park is one of the most promising real estate in Panama.
.
.
* Business & Services
A high dollar-based service economy, the financial sector join with 106 banks, the second largest Free Trade Zone area in the world and the unique position to make a Panama as leader for Latin America business centers. If you are lucky in Panama you may find promising Land for development since the request for office space is grow rapidly each years.
.
* Hotels & Resorts
Panama Hotels & Resort offers a wide selection of hotels and resorts for every taste and budget.
Panama City, one of the most important business center has a beautiful luxury hotel, with business and tourism-high-end spirit and the mid-range and hotels. The great cities of the region are also excellent hotels in a variety of prices ranges.
.
.
Panama Canal Eco Tour
Eco-tourism and an examination in the Panama Canal
Many call it the best tour in Panama. This day is a combination of adventure and ecotourism careful in the Panama Canal and the expansion. You see the ships through the canal, the encounter wildlife and enjoy an adventure by canoe to a waterfall where the water is soft, you can take a bath there. Eco Adventure Extravaganza This channel is more than “need”.
.
Historical of Panama
Before Europeans arrived, the Kuna Indians, chocolate and Guaymas, who occupied this region doubling strategic linking North America to South America and separates the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean.
.
1 Spanish colonization
This is Rodrigo de Bastidas, a rival of Columbus, who discovered the region in 1501. The following year, Christopher Columbus claimed the territory on behalf of Spain. The region was explored in 1513 by Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the Spanish Governor of the Territory who first crossed the Isthmus and reached the Pacific.
.
The city of Panamá (word meaning “rich fishing area”), founded as early as 1519, became the starting point for all Spanish colonial expeditions to the north and south of the continent. It is through this strategic axis that spent all the money in Peru. That is why the colony of lust aroused Privateering Dutch, french and English, who attacked repeatedly, which affected the prosperity of Panama. To defend themselves, the Spaniards fortified the east coast. Nonetheless, the British capture of Henry Morgan of Panama City in 1671.
.
Dependent at the beginning of the Viceroyalty of Peru, Panama was later incorporated into New Granada in the early seventeenth century, followed by Colombia, but remained under Spanish domination until 1821. It was during this period that the population metiss and that the Spanish language spread throughout the country, except among the natives.
.
During the Spanish colonization, the Spanish king, Charles V, commissioned a study in 1523 to prepare a first draft of a canal on the Isthmus of Panama. A work plan was developed from the same 1529, but King was not unaware. In 1534, a notable Spanish proposed a canal project similar to that which exists today. There was thereafter a number of proposed plans, but nothing was really done. Then in 1819, the Spanish government gave official approval to build a canal and create a commercial company to perform this construction. These efforts remained again without result, because with the revolt of the colonies Spain lost control of the locations that could be used for its construction.
.
2 A Colombian province
After the Spanish domination in 1821, Panama was attached to the Republic of Gran Colombia, which was established under the leadership of Simón Bolívar. In 1826, Bolívar meet the governments of the Gran Colombia (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Panama), Panama at the Pan American Congress, to build with them the unity of the South American continent. He died in 1830, however, before they consolidated this unification. Upon dissolution of the Republic of Gran Colombia, each of the States found itself politically independent, but Panama remained part of Colombia, which was a province.
.
Between 1850 and 1855, the United States completed the construction of a railroad in Panama, connecting the Atlantic to the Pacific. We know that the Spaniards had, from the sixteenth century, had the idea of building a canal to connect the two oceans, but it was French, Ferdinand de Lesseps, who in 1880 made the first attempt, with the Universal Company interoceanic canal. De Lesseps, the father of the Suez Canal, had created a company using private savings in France. Work was stopped, nine years later, due to a serious political and financial scandal that shook the Third French Republic and various difficulties (yellow fever epidemic, terrain, bankruptcy, etc.)..
.
In 1903, Colombia rejected the United States the right to complete the canal. In response, the United States “encouraged” the Panama to rise. On 3 November the same year, Colombia had then dispose of Panama, which became the Republic of Panama. Under a Treaty of Peace and Friendship, the Americans landed ten times in the territory of Panama between 1856 and 1902. Many Americans sincerely believed then that the army of the United States had supported the Panamanian people’s aspiration for freedom and his desire for freedom from oppression in Colombia. That same year, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, had sanctioned the Spooner law that it could take ownership of a strip 16 km wide for the construction of the canal and maintain “perpetual rights” in the area.
.
3 Independence and the Canal
U.S. troops were sent to “support” the new Panamanian government, and on 18 November 1903, the rights of the channel were “sold” to the United States. In fact, Panama was forced to sign a treaty with the United States whereby the latter undertook the construction of an inter-oceanic canal across the Isthmus of Panama. In 1904, the States – the United States purchased the French Canal Company its rights and properties to a sum of 40 million. Two weeks later, and in exchange for 10 million dollars, the Treaty Hay-Varilla Brunau-granted in the United States “in perpetuity the use of a channel and still digging in an area eight kilometers on each of its banks, and the “total sovereignty” on the package. In return, the United States guaranteed the independence of Panama. In fact, there should be two governments: one for the Canal (American) and one for the country (Panama).
The canal was completed by the Americans in 1914 at a cost of about $ 387 million. It was about 80 km in length. The United States remained the owners of the Canal Zone (Canal Zone), or 16 km wide and 80 km long. That was until the handover of the canal, a state within a state, thus in a “peaceful” to maintain a U.S. military presence in the region. In the Canal Zone, Washington deployed 10 000 troops distributed in 14 barracks and forts.
.
The place became the center of training of U.S. armed forces and Latin America, a center of espionage and a Continental base to support operations against-insurgency. In short, the “Canal Zone covers an area 1474 square kilometers over which Washington had a total sovereignty: an independent state created by and for the United States.
.
The Panama Canal was soon after it opened a must for vessels navigating between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, which avoided the long journey of 14 800 km along the coast of South America and the dangerous Strait of Magellan at the tip of South America. The United States controlled the canal, and most management positions were given to U.S. citizens. Since the opening of the canal, Panama’s economy depends in part on the annual pension paid by the directors of the canal and thousands of jobs – about 8000 – created for its maintenance. The English settled in the country and brought competition to Spanish. In the Canal Zone, temples, churches, administrative offices, media, shops, etc.., But only works in English.
.
However, since independence, political life of Panama has undergone many upheavals, as relations with the United States remained strained. Let us not forget that the Americans controlled the entire area of the canal and have invested nearly three billion dollars in the company, but two-thirds of this sum had already been recovered in 1977.
.
In 1953, the Panamanian government granted the people, the Kuna, a wide autonomy in the Comarca de San Blas (the islands of San Blas), now “Kuna Yala” by the result, this autonomy was extended to four other communities indigenous Embera (1983), Ngobe-Buglé (1997), Kuna Madugandí (1996) and Wargandí (2000).
.
In May 1976, Ronald Reagan, then a candidate for the American presidency, said: “There is absolutely nothing to negotiate about the channel. We bought, we paid, we have built, it is ours, and we keep them. ”
.
But the Carter-Torrijos Treaty (named for U.S. Presidents James Carter and Omar Torrijos of Panama) in 1977 in Panama gave a more equitable distribution of profits, management of the channel with the United States and the gradual disappearance of the Canal Zone ( Planned for 2000). This text, which entered into force in October 1979, gave twenty years to ensure the transfer of the zone, and the administration and operation of the canal to Panamanian authorities. Despite this agreement, relations between the United States and Panama remained strained, that the Canal was a state within a state.
.
On the death of Torrijos in 1981, his defense minister, General Manuel Antonio Noriega became increasingly influential. In 1988, Eric Arturo Delvalle, who became president in 1985, tried to hunt Noriega, who, subsequently, dismissed Delvalle. Noriega ruled as head of the National Assembly and declared a state of emergency. Then the Noriega regime became increasingly repressive and corrupt. Relations with the United States deteriorated, the U.S. President (George Bush) called in May 1989 the army and people of Panama to overthrow Noriega, indicted for drug trafficking.
.
In October 1989, an attempted coup against Noriega failed, and on 20 December of that year, the United States sent troops into Panama during Operation Just Cause “. Noriega took refuge in the Vatican nunciature, but shortly after he was extradited to the United States.
.
In 1990, the Americans installed in power Guillermo Endara. Convicted of drug trafficking, Noriega was sentenced in 1992 to serve a prison sentence of forty years in the United States. In 1994, the election of President Ernesto Pérez Balladares (Democratic Revolutionary Party) has not eased tensions. The question of the Canal remained essential, because it was linked to the departure of American troops. In 1999, the issue of restitution by the United States to the Canal Zone on 31 December of that year, became the center of discussions. Finally, the commander of U.S. special forces to the south (Socsouth) had to leave Panama to settle in the summer of 1999 in Puerto Rico. The creation of an “international center for fight against drugs” – drugs multilateral Center – for traffic safety interoceanic should nevertheless maintain a U.S. military presence.
.
Let us not forget that Washington claims, under the Torrijos-Carter Treaty, to be able to intervene unilaterally in Panama, without prior permission of the government, though the “neutrality” of the canal was in danger. Obviously, this view is strongly contested by the Panamanian government, which granted concessions to a company in Hong Kong. Indeed, the company Hutchison Whampoa, which is based in Hong Kong, which has managed (for the next 25 years) of the ports of Cristobal (Atlantic coast) and Balboa (Pacific Coast). In sum, after the “Uncle Sam” would be the turn of “Uncle Chang”!
.
But what is international law, when the American Empire is concerned about its interests? It is true that the presence of the United States on Panamanian territory has always been to project their military power across the continent. It is not for nothing that Panamanians have always said: “No hay democracia en Panama no conviene porque a los gringos” ( “There is no democracy in Panama because it is not suitable for foreigners”). We may still wonder how a country of 2.7 million people could, without difficulty, provide for the expenses of the Panama Canal.
